The separate worlds of operant and non-operant psychology1
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Operant Conditioning
O Definition Primarily a feature of certain sentences, e.g., of many ascriptions of propositional attitudes. The truth of such ascriptions does not systematically depend on the truth or falsity of the proposition involved. Consider the following two belief-ascriptions: “Mary believes that 1 + 1 = 2” and “Mary believes that 2756 + 488 = 3244.” Even though both propositions (“1 + 1 = 2” and “2756...
متن کاملOperant conditioning
Operant behavior is behavior "controlled" by its consequences. In practice, operant conditioning is the study of reversible behavior maintained by reinforcement schedules. We review empirical studies and theoretical approaches to two large classes of operant behavior: interval timing and choice. We discuss cognitive versus behavioral approaches to timing, the "gap" experiment and its implicatio...
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Animals can learn to repeat a response when reinforcement is contingent upon accurate repetitions or to vary when reinforcement is contingent upon variability. In the first case, individual responses can readily be predicted; in the latter, prediction may be difficult or impossible. Particular levels of variability or (un)predictability can be reinforced, including responses that approximate a ...
متن کاملOperant Behavior
WE are interested in the behavior of an organism because of its effects on the environment. (One effect on the social environment is, of course, the arousal of our interest.) Some effects seem to throw light on the behavior which produces them, but their explanatory role has been clouded by the fact that they follow the behavior and, therefore, raise the specter of teleology. An attempt has bee...
متن کاملOperant Conditioning: An Overview
Classical, or Pavlovian, conditioning is a process by which new emotional and glandular reactions develop in response to previously neutral stimuli in the environment. But classical conditioning doesn't explain how we develop new skills or behaviors instrumental in changing our external environments. That learning process involves what is typically referred to as instrumental, or operant, condi...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
سال: 1971
ISSN: 0021-8855
DOI: 10.1901/jaba.1971.4-61